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A model of raising specialty fish in cages on the Cua Dat hydroelectric reservoir, Thuong Xuan commune, Thanh Hoa province. Photo: Huu Dung/danviet.vn

Vietnam bets on reservoir aquaculture as a new economic powerhouse by 2030

Click on the flag for more information about Viet Nam VIET NAM
Thursday, April 16, 2026, 00:10 (GMT + 9)

A bold national plan aims to transform thousands of reservoirs into production hubs, create more than 80,000 jobs, and achieve annual revenues of approximately US$640 million

Vietnam is advancing a key strategy to transform its vast water resources into a new engine of economic growth. With more than 6,750 irrigation reservoirs and over 700 hydropower reservoirs, the country aims to develop a modern and sustainable aquaculture industry that could reshape its fisheries sector in the coming years.

Casi 40 km² de la superficie del lago Ngan Truoi son aptos para el desarrollo de la acuicultura. Foto: cortesía de baohatinh.vn

According to the Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Surveillance, these reservoirs have a combined capacity exceeding 50 billion cubic meters, mainly distributed across the northern mountainous region, the north-central region, and the central highlands. In addition to generating electricity, supplying water, and regulating floods, these reservoirs are now emerging as strategic opportunities for aquaculture, ecotourism, and related services.

Deputy Minister of Agriculture and Environment Phung Duc Tien stated, "In the past, reservoirs were mainly used for natural resource exploitation, while investment in aquaculture infrastructure was insufficient." However, he emphasized that the rapid growth of aquaculture is changing this situation and opening up new economic opportunities.

Export potential and structural challenges

One of the key products in this transformation is tilapia, which is seeing rising demand in major markets such as the United States, Brazil, and China. Projections indicate that its exports could exceed US$2 billion in the near future, approaching the scale of the pangasius industry, which after nearly 30 years of development generates between US$2.1 billion and US$2.2 billion annually.

However, the sector still faces significant challenges. Deputy Director of the Fisheries Department Nhu Van Can noted, "Current production activities remain fragmented, small-scale, and are mainly carried out by individual households without linkages among them." This lack of integration limits the formation of value chains, reduces productivity, and slows the transition toward large-scale commodity production.

In addition, inadequate infrastructure, the lack of aquaculture zoning data, limited application of technology, and overlapping administrative responsibilities have led to increased costs and reduced overall efficiency.

Ambitious targets for 2030

To address these issues, on March 2, 2026, the Ministry of Agriculture and Environment launched the Reservoir Aquaculture Development Plan for 2026–2030. The plan sets out clear targets:

  • Annual production exceeding 260,000 tons
  • More than 190,000 tons from cage farming
  • Estimated annual value of 16 trillion VND (approximately US$640 million)
  • Creation of more than 80,000 jobs, with income increasing by over 50% compared to 2025
  • More than 30% of jobs allocated to ethnic minority groups

Additionally, the plan aims for more than 50% of aquaculture facilities to participate in cooperatives or supply chains, while at least 5% adopt advanced and sustainable standards such as VietGAP. It also requires that 100% of aquaculture facilities be registered in the national fisheries database.

Casi 40 km² de la superficie del lago Ngan Truoi son aptos para el desarrollo de la acuicultura. Foto: cortesía de baohatinh.vn

Calls for reform and technological modernization

Local authorities from provinces such as Lao Cai and Tay Ninh have called for the rapid establishment of a clear legal framework, including regulations on water surface leasing, licensing, food safety, and disease control. They also stressed the importance of implementing technologies and production models tailored to the specific characteristics of each reservoir, such as Dau Tieng Lake.

From a business perspective, aquaculture company chairman Quach Manh Long emphasized the need to develop a self-sufficient system for seed production and supply, prioritizing high-quality native species. He also highlighted the importance of investing in key infrastructure such as fishing ports, logistics, and automated environmental monitoring systems.

Se necesita un mecanismo específico para la acuicultura en embalses en Vietnam. Foto: cortesía de Hoang Ha/daibieunhandan.vn

Finally, the government aims to integrate reservoir aquaculture into national priority programs, including sustainable poverty reduction, rural development, and economic growth in ethnic minority regions, to ensure sustainable livelihoods and inclusive growth.

With these efforts, Vietnam is positioning itself to transform its reservoirs into a strategic pillar of its blue economy over the next decade.


🇯🇵 日本語版

ベトナム、2030年に向けて貯水池養殖を新たな経済の柱に

野心的な国家計画により、数千の貯水池を生産拠点へと転換し、80,000人以上の雇用を創出、年間収益約6億4,000万米ドルの達成を目指す

ベトナムは、広大な水資源を新たな経済成長の原動力へと転換するための重要な戦略を推進している。6,750以上の灌漑用貯水池700以上の水力発電用貯水池を有する同国は、今後数年間で水産業の構造を大きく変える可能性を持つ、近代的かつ持続可能な養殖産業の発展を目指している。

漁業・養殖監督局によると、これらの貯水池の総貯水容量は500億立方メートル以上に達し、主に北部山岳地帯、中部北部地域、中部高原地帯に分布している。これまで発電、水供給、洪水調整に利用されてきたこれらの貯水池は、現在では養殖、エコツーリズム、関連サービスの戦略的機会として注目されている。

農業環境副大臣のフン・ドゥック・ティエン氏は、「これまで貯水池は主に天然資源の利用に使われており、養殖インフラへの投資は十分ではなかった」と述べた。しかし同氏は、養殖業の成長がこの状況を変え、新たな経済的機会を切り開いていると強調した。

輸出ポテンシャルと構造的課題

この変革における主要製品の一つがティラピアであり、アメリカ合衆国ブラジル中国などの主要市場で需要が増加している。予測によれば、その輸出額は今後数年で20億米ドルを超え、約30年の発展を経て年間21億~22億米ドルを生み出すパンガシウス産業に近づくと見られている。

しかしながら、この分野は大きな課題にも直面している。漁業局副局長のヌー・ヴァン・カン氏は、「現在の生産活動は依然として分散しており、小規模で、主に個々の家庭によって行われ、相互の連携がない」と指摘した。この連携不足はバリューチェーンの形成を妨げ、生産性を低下させ、大規模商品生産への移行を困難にしている。

さらに、インフラ不足、養殖区域に関するデータの欠如、技術導入の遅れ、行政管理の重複といった問題も存在し、コスト増加と効率低下を招いている。

2030年に向けた野心的目標

こうした状況を打開するため、2026年3月2日、農業環境省は2026~2030年貯水池養殖開発計画を発表した。この計画は以下の明確な目標を掲げている:

  • 年間生産量260,000トン以上
  • 190,000トン以上をいけす養殖から生産
  • 年間推定価値16兆VND(約6億4,000万米ドル
  • 80,000人以上の雇用創出、2025年比で収入50%以上増加
  • 雇用の30%以上を少数民族が占める

さらに、養殖施設の50%以上が協同組合またはサプライチェーンに参加し、少なくとも**5%**がVietGAPなどの先進的かつ持続可能な基準を採用することを目指す。また、すべての養殖施設(100%)が国家漁業データベースに登録されることが求められている。

改革と技術近代化への要請

ラオカイ省タイニン省などの地方当局は、水面利用の賃貸、許認可、食品安全、疾病管理に関する明確な法的枠組みの早期整備を求めている。また、ダウティエン湖のように各貯水池の特性に応じた技術や生産モデルの導入の重要性も強調している。

企業側からは、水産企業の会長であるクアック・マン・ロン氏が、種苗の自給体制の構築と高品質な在来種の優先的育成の必要性を指摘した。また、漁港、物流、環境モニタリングの自動化システムといった重要インフラへの投資の必要性も強調した。

最終的に政府は、貯水池養殖を貧困削減や農村開発、少数民族地域の経済発展といった国家プログラムに統合し、持続可能な生計と包摂的成長を実現することを目指している。

これらの取り組みにより、ベトナムは今後10年間で貯水池をブルーエコノミーの戦略的基盤へと変革することを目指している。


🇨🇳 简体中文版

越南推动水库养殖业发展,力争到2030年成为经济新引擎

一项雄心勃勃的国家计划旨在将数千个水库转变为生产中心,创造超过80,000个就业岗位,并实现年收入约6.4亿美元

越南正在推进一项关键战略,将其丰富的水资源转化为新的经济增长动力。该国拥有超过6,750个灌溉水库700多个水电水库,目标是在未来几年内发展现代化、可持续的水产养殖产业,从而重塑其渔业格局。

根据渔业与水产养殖监督局的数据,这些水库的总蓄水能力超过500亿立方米,主要分布在北部山区、中北部地区和中部高原。除了用于发电、供水和防洪外,这些水库如今也成为发展养殖业、生态旅游及相关服务的重要战略资源。

农业与环境部副部长冯德进表示:“过去水库主要用于自然资源开发,而水产养殖基础设施投资不足。”不过,他强调,养殖业的快速发展正在改变这一局面,并为经济带来新的增长机会。

出口潜力与结构性挑战

在这一转型过程中,罗非鱼成为关键产品之一,其在美国巴西中国等主要市场的需求持续增长。预计未来几年其出口额将超过20亿美元,接近经过近30年发展、年产值达21亿至22亿美元的巴沙鱼产业规模。

然而,该行业仍面临诸多挑战。渔业局副局长如文灿指出:“目前的生产活动仍然分散、规模较小,主要由个体家庭经营,彼此之间缺乏联系。”这种缺乏联动的状况限制了产业链的形成,降低了生产效率,也阻碍了向规模化商品生产的转型。

此外,基础设施不足、养殖区划数据缺乏、科技应用有限以及管理职能重叠等问题,也导致成本上升和整体效率下降。

2030年发展目标

为应对上述问题,2026年3月2日,农业与环境部发布了2026—2030年水库养殖发展规划。该项目设定了明确目标:

  • 年产量超过260,000吨
  • 其中190,000吨以上来自网箱养殖
  • 年产值约16万亿越南盾(约6.4亿美元
  • 创造超过80,000个就业岗位,收入较2025年增长50%以上
  • 30%以上岗位面向少数民族群体

此外,规划还提出,超过**50%的养殖设施将参与合作社或供应链,至少5%**采用VietGAP或其他先进、环保的养殖标准。同时,**100%**的养殖设施必须纳入国家渔业数据库管理。

推动改革与技术现代化

来自老街省西宁省的地方政府呼吁尽快完善法律框架,包括水域租赁、许可审批、食品安全和疾病防控等方面的规定。同时,他们强调需要根据不同水库特点(如油汀湖)推广适配的技术和养殖模式。

从企业角度来看,水产企业董事长郭孟龙指出,应建立自主的鱼苗生产与供应体系,并优先发展高质量本地品种。同时,他还强调需要加强渔港、物流及环境监测自动化系统等关键基础设施建设。

此外,政府还计划将水库养殖纳入国家重点项目,如可持续减贫、新农村建设以及少数民族地区经济发展,以确保实现可持续生计和包容性增长。

通过这些努力,越南正致力于在未来十年内将水库转变为其蓝色经济的重要战略支柱。

[email protected]
www.seafood.media


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