Zebrafish is one of the most commonly fish used in toxicological testing. (Photo: JRC)
(EUROPEAN UNION, 1/27/2015)
The Joint Research Centre (JRC) has released a new strategy on how to replace, reduce and refine the use of fish in testing of chemicals’ effect on flora and fauna in water (aquatic toxicity) and chemicals’ uptake and concentration in living organisms (bioaccumulation).
Bioaccumulative properties pose a threat since a chemical can reach concentration levels causing toxic effects in organisms taking up the chemical or in those feeding on them.
Out of the 11.5 million animals used for experimental purposes in the EU (2011 data), cold blooded animals, namely reptiles, amphibians and fish represent 12.4 per cent. In the case of specific testing for toxicological safety assessment, fish represent 18 per cent of the one million animals used.
The Norwegian Pelagic Fishing Course in Week 18 Norway
Still low activity in the sandpiper fishery and modest catches of other species, despite some larger catches of coal mullet.
Blue whiting:
17,645 tonnes registered from 12 different boats. Large p...
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